MD, University of Missouri Residency/Fellowship, Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Wisconsin Postdoctoral research, University of Wisconsin

Antimicrobial resistance development and therapy, Fungal pathogenesis, Candida biofilm pathogenesis and resistance, preclinical anti-infective drug development RESEARCH DETAIL The focus of research in the Andes Lab involves identification of strategies to combat antimicrobial (especially antifungal) drug resistance. Study approaches include defining the molecular basis for drug resistance, drug target identification and development, pharmacodynamic investigation, and clinical trial study of fungal diagnosis, resistance epidemiology, and therapy. Fungal Biofilm Resistance: We are interested in the mechanisms underlying the resistance of Candida biofilms to antifungal drugs and the immune system. Studies in the laboratory have identified both a drug sequestering matrix material and the impact of the cell wall integrity pathway as important components for this important phenotype. Ongoing studies seek to define the molecular pathways that control these mechanisms. In vivo Fungal Biofilms: We have developed several animal models to mimic the most common biofilm infections in humans. We continue to explore the use of these models to study biofilm pathogenesis, drug resistance, host immune response, and biofilm diagnosis. Current models include central venous catheter, denture, and indwelling urinary catheter. Pharmacodynamics: We seek to understand the relationship between drug exposure and treatment efficacy and failure. Using a variety of in vivo infection models and modeling of antimicrobial pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics we define optimal dosing strategies to combat drug resistance therapeutic failures and resistance evolution. Antimicrobial Drug Development: We utilize in vivo infection models and pharmacodynamic approaches to aid in the early development of lead antibacterial and antifungal compounds. We work closely with several drug discovery groups and biotechnology companies to identify promising molecules and define dosing strategies to bring these drugs to study in clinical trials.

Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Candidiasis: 2016 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.Pappas PG, Kauffman CA, Andes DR, Clancy CJ, Marr KA, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Reboli AC, Schuster MG, Vazquez JA, Walsh TJ, Zaoutis TE, Sobel JD.Clin Infect Dis. 2016 Feb 15;62(4):e1-50. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ933. Epub 2015 Dec 16. Antifungal Agents: Spectrum of Activity, Pharmacology, and Clinical Indications.Nett JE, Andes DR.Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2016 Mar;30(1):51-83. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2015.10.012. Epub 2015 Dec 29. Executive Summary: Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Candidiasis: 2016 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.Pappas PG, Kauffman CA, Andes DR, Clancy CJ, Marr KA, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Reboli AC, Schuster MG, Vazquez JA, Walsh TJ, Zaoutis TE, Sobel JD.Clin Infect Dis. 2016 Feb 15;62(4):409-17. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ1194. Revision and Update of the Consensus Definitions of Invasive Fungal Disease From the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium.Donnelly JP, Chen SC, Kauffman CA, Steinbach WJ, Baddley JW, Verweij PE, Clancy CJ, Wingard JR, Lockhart SR, Groll AH, Sorrell TC, Bassetti M, Akan H, Alexander BD, Andes D, Azoulay E, Bialek R, Bradsher RW, Bretagne S, Calandra T, Caliendo AM, Castagnola E, Cruciani M, Cuenca-Estrella M, Decker CF, Desai SR, Fisher B, Harrison T, Heussel CP, Jensen HE, Kibbler CC, Kontoyiannis DP, Kullberg BJ, Lagrou K, Lamoth F, Lehrnbecher T, Loeffler J, Lortholary O, Maertens J, Marchetti O, Marr KA, Masur H, Meis JF, Morrisey CO, Nucci M, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Pagano L, Patterson TF, Perfect JR, Racil Z, Roilides E, Ruhnke M, Prokop CS, Shoham S, Slavin MA, Stevens DA, Thompson GR, Vazquez JA, Viscoli C, Walsh TJ, Warris A, Wheat LJ, White PL, Zaoutis TE, Pappas PG.Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Sep 12;71(6):1367-1376. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz1008. The antimicrobial potential of Streptomyces from insect microbiomes.Chevrette MG, Carlson CM, Ortega HE, Thomas C, Ananiev GE, Barns KJ, Book AJ, Cagnazzo J, Carlos C, Flanigan W, Grubbs KJ, Horn HA, Hoffmann FM, Klassen JL, Knack JJ, Lewin GR, McDonald BR, Muller L, Melo WGP, Pinto-Tomás AA, Schmitz A, Wendt-Pienkowski E, Wildman S, Zhao M, Zhang F, Bugni TS, Andes DR, Pupo MT, Currie CR.Nat Commun. 2019 Jan 31;10(1):516. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-08438-0. Candida albicans biofilm-induced vesicles confer drug resistance through matrix biogenesis.Zarnowski R, Sanchez H, Covelli AS, Dominguez E, Jaromin A, Bernhardt J, Mitchell KF, Heiss C, Azadi P, Mitchell A, Andes DR.PLoS Biol. 2018 Oct 8;16(10):e2006872. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2006872. eCollection 2018 Oct. The Extracellular Matrix of Fungal Biofilms.Mitchell KF, Zarnowski R, Andes DR.Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;931:21-35. doi: 10.1007/5584_2016_6. Has the Optimal Therapy for Invasive Candidiasis Now Been Defined?Andes D.Clin Infect Dis. 2019 May 30;68(12):1990-1992. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy830. Candida-streptococcal interactions in biofilm-associated oral diseases.Koo H, Andes DR, Krysan DJ.PLoS Pathog. 2018 Dec 13;14(12):e1007342. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007342. eCollection 2018 Dec. Biomineral armor in leaf-cutter ants.Li H, Sun CY, Fang Y, Carlson CM, Xu H, Ješovnik A, Sosa-Calvo J, Zarnowski R, Bechtel HA, Fournelle JH, Andes DR, Schultz TR, Gilbert PUPA, Currie CR.Nat Commun. 2020 Nov 24;11(1):5792. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19566-3. Contributions of the Biofilm Matrix to Candida Pathogenesis.Nett JE, Andes DR.J Fungi (Basel). 2020 Feb 3;6(1):21. doi: 10.3390/jof6010021. Animal models in the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic evaluation of antimicrobial agents.Zhao M, Lepak AJ, Andes DR.Bioorg Med Chem. 2016 Dec 15;24(24):6390-6400. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.11.008. Epub 2016 Nov 9. Bacterial Infections in the Stem Cell Transplant Recipient and Hematologic Malignancy Patient.Misch EA, Andes DR.Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2019 Jun;33(2):399-445. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2019.02.011. Invasive fungal infections among organ transplant recipients: results of the Transplant-Associated Infection Surveillance Network (TRANSNET).Pappas PG, Alexander BD, Andes DR, Hadley S, Kauffman CA, Freifeld A, Anaissie EJ, Brumble LM, Herwaldt L, Ito J, Kontoyiannis DP, Lyon GM, Marr KA, Morrison VA, Park BJ, Patterson TF, Perl TM, Oster RA, Schuster MG, Walker R, Walsh TJ, Wannemuehler KA, Chiller TM.Clin Infect Dis. 2010 Apr 15;50(8):1101-11. doi: 10.1086/651262. In vivo infection models in the pre-clinical pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic evaluation of antimicrobial agents.Andes DR, Lepak AJ.Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2017 Oct;36:94-99. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2017.09.004. Epub 2017 Sep 29. In memoriam: William A. Craig.Theuretzbacher U, Ambrose PG, MacGowan AP, Andes DR, Sörgel F, Derendorf H, Mouton JW, Drusano GL, Tulkens PM, Dudley MN, Cars O, Nation RL.Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015;59(6):2971. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00849-15. Epub 2015 Apr 20. We can do better: a fresh look at echinocandin dosing.Bader JC, Bhavnani SM, Andes DR, Ambrose PG.J Antimicrob Chemother. 2018 Jan 1;73(suppl_1):i44-i50. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkx448. Novel approaches for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Using nanoparticles to overcome multidrug resistance.Vanamala K, Tatiparti K, Bhise K, Sau S, Scheetz MH, Rybak MJ, Andes D, Iyer AK.Drug Discov Today. 2020 Oct 20:S1359-6446(20)30428-1. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.10.011. Online ahead of print. Antifungal pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.Lepak AJ, Andes DR.Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2014 Nov 10;5(5):a019653. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a019653. Impact of Triazole Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Availability and Timing.McCreary EK, Bayless M, Van AP, Lepak AJ, Wiebe DA, Schulz LT, Andes DR.Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019 Sep 23;63(10):e01245-19. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01245-19. Print 2019 Oct.