Behavioural and cognitive ecology of risk assessment in aquatic animals How animals change their behaviour, morphology and life history to deal with temporal fluctuations in risk and how the certainty of information, often chemical in nature, alters how prey respond to risk Effects of metal contamination, turbidity, salinity, dissolved oxygen, UV radiation, ocean acidification, elevated ocean temperature, and coral bleaching on antipredator responses and reproduction Understanding learning and memory in the context of predation

behavioural ecology; chemical ecology; emphasizing predator/prey interactions