Anti-inflammatory treatments to prevent seizures and the development of epilepsy Development of triheptanoin as a new anticonvulsant treatment - reviewed on Youtube. Dr. Borges together with Professor Terence O’Brien, started a clinical trial of triheptanoin in epilepsy patients in July 2012 in Melbourne. The trial is funded by the Epilepsy Therapy Project through the American Epilepsy Research Foundation,

Benson, Melissa J., Manzanero, Silvia and Borges, Karin (2015) Complex alterations in microglial M1/M2 markers during the development of epilepsy in two mouse models. Epilepsia, 56 6: 895-905. doi:10.1111/epi.12960 Benson, Melissa J, Thomas, Nicola K, Talwar, Sahil, Hodson, Mark P, Lynch, Joseph W, Woodruff, Trent M and Borges, Karin (2015) A novel anticonvulsant mechanism via inhibition of complement receptor C5ar1 in murine epilepsy models. Neurobiology of Disease, 76 87-97. doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2015.02.004 Ngo, Shyuan T., Steyn, Frederik J., McCombe, Pamela A. and Borges, Karin (2015). High Caloric diets for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In Ronald Ross Watson and Victor R. Preedy (Ed.), Bioactive nutraceuticals and dietary supplements in neurological and brain disease: prevention and therapy (pp. 355-361) London, United Kingdom: Academic Press. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-411462-3.00036-9 Tan, Kah Ni, McDonald, Tanya S. and Borges, Karin (2015). Metabolic dysfunctions in epilepsy and novel metabolic treatment approaches. In Ronald R Watson and Victor R Preedy (Ed.), Bioactive Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements in Neurological and Brain Disease: Prevention and Therapy (pp. 461-470) Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-411462-3.00048-5 Hadera, Mussie G., Smeland, Olav B., McDonald, Tanya S., Tan, Kah Ni, Sonnewald, Ursula and Borges, Karin (2014) Triheptanoin partially restores levels of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates in the mouse pilocarpine model of epileps. Journal of Neurochemistry, 129 1: 107-119. doi:10.1111/jnc.12610 McDonald, Tanya S., Tan, Kah Ni, Hodson, Mark P. and Borges, Karin (2014) Alterations of hippocampal glucose metabolism by even versus uneven medium chain triglycerides. Journal Of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 34 1: 153-160. doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2013.184 Smeland, Olav B., Hadera, Mussie G., McDonald, Tanya S., Sonnewald, Ursula and Borges, Karin (2013) Brain mitochondrial metabolic dysfunction and glutamate level reduction in the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy in mice. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 33 7: 1090-1097. doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2013.54 Kim, Tae Hwan, Borges, Karin, Petrou, Steven and Reid, Christopher A. (2013) Triheptanoin reduces seizure susceptibility in a syndrome-specific mouse model of generalized epilepsy. Epilepsy Research, 103 1: 101-105. doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.09.016 Smeland, Olav B., Meisingset, Tore W., Borges, Karin and Sonnewald, Ursula (2012) Chronic acetyl-L-carnitine alters brain energy metabolism and increases noradrenaline and serotonin content in healthy mice. Neurochemistry International, 61 1: 100-107. doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2012.04.008 Borges, Karin and Sonnewald, Ursula (2012) Triheptanoin - a medium chain triglyceride with odd chain fatty acids: a new anaplerotic anticonvulsant treatment?. Epilepsy Research, 100 3: 239-244. doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.05.023 Nicola, Thomas K., Willis, Sarah, Sweetman, Lawrence and Borges, Karin (2012) Triheptanoin in acute mouse seizure models. Epilepsy Research, 99 3: 312-317. doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.12.013 Samala, Ramakrishna, Klein, Jochen and Borges, Karin (2011) The ketogenic diet changes metabolite levels in hippocampal extracellular fluid. Neurochemistry International, 58 1: 5-8. doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2010.10.011 Willis, Sarah, Stoll, James, Sweetman, Lawrence and Borges, Karin (2010) Anticonvulsant effects of a triheptanoin diet in two mouse chronic seizure models. Neurobiology of Disease, 40 3: 565-572. doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2010.07.017 Greene, James G., Borges, Karin and Dingledine, Raymond (2009) Quantitative transcriptional neuroanatomy of the rat hippocampus: Evidence for wide-ranging, pathway-specific heterogeneity among three principal cell layers. Hippocampus, 19 3: 253-264. doi:10.1002/hipo.20502 Borges, Karin (2008) Mouse models: The ketogenic diet and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Epilepsia, 49 s8: 64-66. doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01838.x Samala, Ramakrishna, Willis, Sarah and Borges, Karin (2008) Anticonvulsant profile of a balanced ketogenic diet in acute mouse seizure models. Epilepsy Research, 81 2-3: 119-127. doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2008.05.001 Borges, Karin, Shaw, Renee and Dingledine, Raymond (2007) Gene expression changes after seizure preconditioning in the three major hippocampal cell layers. Neurobiology of Disease, 26 1: 66-77. doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2006.12.001 Borges, Karin, Gearing, Marla, McDermott, Dayna L., Smith, Amy B., Almonte, Antoine G., Wainer, Bruce H. and Dingledine, Raymond (2003) Neuronal and glial pathological changes during epileptogenesis in the mouse pilocarpine model. Experimental Neurology, 182 1: 21-34. doi:10.1016/S0014-4886(03)00086-4