Pathogenesis and prevention including vaccine efficacy in women with recurrent UTI's. Pathogenesis and management of Clostridium difficile infections. Clinical trials of new antimicrobials in UTI's, pneumonia, intra-abdominal and soft tissue infections. Antimicrobial resistance. Pharmacokinetics and pharmaco-dynamics of newer antimicrobial agents. Etiology and management of CAPD peritonitis.