I studied Zoology with Marine Zoology at Bangor, then moved just across the Menai Straits to work at the NERC Unit of Marine Invertebrate Biology headed by Professor Dennis Crisp FRS, where I completed a PhD under the supervision of Dr Jim Nott and Dr Llyr Gruffydd on the sense organs and behaviour of scallop larvae.

Wood Marine wood borers: the isopod Limnoria, teredinids (shipworms, Bivalvia) and the weevil Pselactus Innovative approaches to wood protection in the sea Teredinid and other bivalve larvae: anatomy and behaviour Borer-microorganism interactions: ecology of epibiosis of ciliates on limnoriid exoskeletons microorganisms in guts of borers The role of marine wood borers in maintaining biodiversity in mangrove ecosystems