ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS July 2018 Provost’s Chair Professor, Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore January 2017 Professor, Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore July 2011 Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore January 2011-18 Senior Scientist, Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for Science, Technology and Research Dec 2006 – June 2011 Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore Sept 2004 – Nov 2006 Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology (with Professor Francesco Stellacci) EDUCATION Sept 2004 Ph.D., Inorganic Chemistry (with Professor Chad A. Mirkin)Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, U.S.A.“Synthesis, Reactivity, and Molecular Recognition Studies of a New Class of Metallocyclophanes” Sept 1999 M.S., Chemistry (with Professor John W. Sibert)East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, U.S.A. “Wurster’s Cryptands: A New Class of Redox-Active Macrocycles” 1992 -1996 B.Eng., Chemical Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China

(1) DNA-Modified Nanoparticles; (2) X-ray Scintillation; (3) Nanomedicine; (4) Upconversion nano-optics. Supermolecular coordination chemistry, catalysis, nanomaterials synthesis and nanostructure patterning, chemical sensors and biosensors, nanophotonics, scanning probe microscopes.

Jiang, Y., Lin, H., Pan, JQ.,…Liu, X.*, Huang, W.* & Lai, WY.* Giant nonlinear Raman responses from organic semiconductors. Nature Materials. (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-025-02196-9 Chen, J., Liu, X. Unlocking an optical bistability switch. Nature Photonics, 19, 122–123 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-024-01610-z Wang, M., Xu, G.*, & Liu, X.* (2025). Molecular Engineering for High‐Performance X‐ray Scintillators. Chemistry—A European Journal, 2025, 31, e202403772. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202403772 Xu, J., Luo, R., Luo, Z., Xu, J., Mu, Z., Bian, H., … Liu, X.* (2024). Ultrabright molecular scintillators enabled by lanthanide-assisted near-unity triplet exciton recycling. Nature Photonics, 19, 71–78 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038//10.1038/s41566-024-01586-w Bao, G., Deng, R., Jin, D.*, & Liu, X.* (2025). Hidden triplet states at hybrid organic–inorganic interfaces. Nature Reviews Materials, 10(1), 28-43. https://doi-org/10.1038/s41578-024-00704-y Pei, P., Du, Y., Wang, J. W., & Liu, X. Nanomaterial‐Mediated Modulation of TRPV1 Ion Channels for Biomedical. Advanced Materials Technologies, 2401355. Liu, Y., He, Y., Tong, J., Guo, S., Zhang, X., Luo, Z., … Liu, X.* (2024). Solvent-mediated analgesia via the suppression of water permeation through TRPV1 ion channels. Nature Biomedical Engineering, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-024-01288-2 Liu, Y., Gao, D., He, Y., Ma, J., Chong, S. Y., Qi, X., … Liu, X.* (2024). Single-point mutated lanmodulin as a high-performance MRI contrast agent for vascular and kidney imaging. Nature Communications, 15(1), 9834. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54167-4 Hou, B., Chen, Q., Yi, L., Sellin, P., Sun, H. T., Wong, L. J., & Liu, X.* (2024). Materials innovation and electrical engineering in X-ray detection. Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering, 1, 639–655. https://doi-org/10.1038/s44287-024-00086-x Liu, Y., Sui, M., & Liu,x.* (2024). BLUsH for brain imaging. Matter, 7(9), 2798-2808. https://doi-org/10.1016/j.matt.2024.07.008 Hou, B., Yang, D., Ren, X., Yi, L.*, & Liu, X.* (2024). A tactile oral pad based on carbon nanotubes for multimodal haptic interaction. Nature Electronics, 7, 777–787. https://doi-org/10.1038/s41928-024-01234-9 Loh, K. Y., Li, L. S., Fan, J., Goh, Y. Y., Liew, W. H., Davis, S., … Wang, L.*, & Liu, X.* (2024). Sharp-peaked lanthanide nanocrystals for near-infrared photoacoustic multiplexed differential imaging. Communications Materials, 5(1), 164. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-024-00605-1 Cai, H., Rasmita, A., He, R., Zhang, Z., Tan, Q., Chen, D., … Liu, X., & Gao, W.* (2024). Charge-depletion-enhanced WSe2 quantum emitters on gold nanogap arrays with near-unity quantum efficiency. Nature Photonics, 18, 842–847. https://doi-org/10.1038/s41566-024-01460-9 Yi, L., Tan, H. Q., Hou, B., & Liu, X.* (2024). X-ray-to-NIR multi-wavelength imaging through stochastic photoluminescence and compressed encoding. Matter, 7(7), 2431-2447 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2024.02.014 Sun, B., Zhang, S., Yang, H., Zhang, T., Dong, Q., Zhang, W., … Liu, X. … & Hu, W.* (2024). Revealing the Active Sites in Atomically Dispersed Multi‐Metal–Nitrogen–Carbon Catalysts. Advanced Functional Materials, 34(29), 2315862. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202315862 Ru, S., Jiang, Z., Liang, H., Kenny, J., Cai, H., Lyu, X., … Liu, X., Jelezko, F.*, Bettiol, A. A.*,& Gao, W.* (2024). Robust nuclear spin polarization via ground-state level anticrossing of boron vacancy defects in hexagonal boron nitride. Physical Review Letters, 132(26), 266801. https://doi-org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.266801 Luo, Z.*, Mao, D., Li, X., Luo, J., Gong, C., & Liu, X.* (2024). Lanthanide-based nanoparticles for cancer phototherapy. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 508, 215773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2024.215773 Gálico, D. A., Rodrigues, E. M., Halimi, I., Toivola, J., Zhao, H., Xu, J., … Liu, X., & Murugesu, M.* (2024). Confining single Er3+ ions in sub-3 nm NaYF4 nanoparticles to induce slow relaxation of the magnetisation. Nature Communications, 15(1), 3498. https://doi-org/10.1038/s41467-024-47682-x Wang, M., Zhang, Z., Lyu, J., Qiu, J., Gu, C., Zhao, H., … & Liu, X.* (2024). Overcoming Thermal Quenching in X‐ray Scintillators through Multi‐excited State Switching. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 63(18), e202401949. https://doi-org/10.1002/anie.202401949 Xin, L., Luo, Z., Liu, X., & Huang, Z.* (2024). Unveiling the Spatiotemporal and Dose Responses within a Single Live Cancer Cell to Photoswitchable Upconversion Nanoparticle Therapeutics Using Hybrid Hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Scattering and Transient Absorption Microscopy. Analytical Chemistry, 96(16), 6148-6157. https://doi-org/10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04898 Yi, Z., Qin, X., Zhang, L., Chen, H., Song, T., Luo, Z., … & Liu, X.* (2024). Mitochondria-Targeting Type-I Photodrug: Harnessing Caspase-3 Activity for Pyroptotic Oncotherapy. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 146, 9413–9421. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.4c01929 Maturi, F. E., Raposo Filho, R. S., Brites, C. D. S., Fan, J., He, R., Zhuang, B., Liu, X.*, & Carlos, L. D. *(2024). Deciphering Density Fluctuations in the Hydration Water of Brownian Nanoparticles via Upconversion Thermometry. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 15, 2606–2615. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00044 Schiattarella, C., Romano, S., Sirleto, L., Mocella, V., Rendina, I., Lanzio, V., Riminucci, F., Schwartzberg, A., Cabrini, S., Chen, J., Liang, L., Liu, X.*, & Zito, G.* (2024). Directive giant upconversion by supercritical bound states in the continuum. Nature, 626(8000), 765-771. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06967-9 Wang, Y., Yi, Z., Guo, J., Liao, S., Li, Z., Xu, S., Yin, B., Liu, Y., Feng, Y., Rong, Q., Liu, X., Song, G.*, Zhang, X.-B.*, & Tan, W.* (2024). In vivo ultrasound-induced luminescence molecular imaging. Nature Photonics, 18(4), 334-343. https://doi-org/10.1038/s41566-024-01387-1 Xu, J., Liu, H., Wang, H., Wu, Y., Wang, H., Tan, B. Y. H., Yang, J. K. W., Vallée, R. A. L.*, & Liu, X.* (2024). Multi-level upconversion polarization enabled by programmable plasmons. Chem, 10, 544-556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2023.11.007 He, C., Qiu, J., Mu, Z., Chen, J., Wu, Y., Jiang, Z., Zhang, P., Qin, X., Xing, G.*, & Liu, X.* (2024). Room temperature circularly polarized emission in perovskite nanocrystals through bichiral-molecule-induced lattice reconstruction. Matter, 7, 475-484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2023.12.007 Qiu, J., Zhao, H., Mu, Z., Chen, J., Gu, H., Gu, C., Xing, G., Qin, X.*, & Liu, X.* (2024). Turning Nonemissive CsPb2Br5 Crystals into High-Performance Scintillators through Alkali Metal Doping. Nano Letters, 24, 2503–2510. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04455 Mi, Z.*, Bian, H., Yang, C., Dou, Y., Andrew, A.*, Liu, X. * (2024) Real-time single-proton counting with transmissive perovskite nanocrystal scintillators. Nat. Mater. 23(6), 803-809.https://doi-org./10.1038/s41563-023-01782-z Zhou, L., Liang, L.*, Chen, J., Zhou, X., Liu, L., Xi, S., … He, Q.* & Liu, X.* (2024). Promoted Growth and Multiband Emission in Heterostructured Perovskites Through Cs+‐Sublattice Interaction. Advanced Science, 11, 2306398. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202306398 Li, L., Fan, Z., Zhang, J., Fan, D., Liu, X., & Wang, Y.* (2023). Yellow Emissive CsCu2I3 Nanocrystals Induced by Mn2+ for High-Resolution X-ray Imaging. Inorganic Chemistry, 62(49), 19848-19855. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03724 Hou, B., & Liu, X. (2023). Stretching boundaries in neurophysiological monitoring. BMEMat, 1(4), e12054. https://doi.org/10.1002/bmm2.12054 Qiu, J., Liu, X.* (2023) A copper-iodide cluster microcube-based X-ray scintillator. Light Sci Appl 12, 241. https://doi-org/10.1038/s41377-023-01273-5 Luo, Z., & Liu, X.*(2023). Nanomaterials for cancer immunotherapy, what is the next? Next Nanotechnology, 1, 100006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nxnano.2023.100006 Gu, Y., Gu, C., Zhang, Y., Mu, Z., & Liu, X.* (2023) Mastering lanthanide energy states for next-gen photonic innovation. Sci. China Chem. 66, 2460–24 https://doi-org/10.1007/s11426-023-1609-y He, C., Qiu, J., Mu, Z., & Liu, X.* (2023). Unlocking the Potential of Halide Perovskites Through Doping. CCS Chemistry, 5(9), 1961-1972. https://doi.org/10.31635/ccschem.023.202303019 Chen, J., Liang, L.*, Tan, S., Xi, S., Lin, C. H., Wu, T., He, Q. & Liu, X.* (2023). Volumetric Nanocrystal Lattice Reconstruction through Dynamic Metal Complex Docking. Nano Letters, 23, 7221–7227. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01621 Xu, J., Xu, W., Zhang, X., Wu, J., Zhang, P.*, Song, L.*, & Liu, X.* (2023) Divergent Synthesis of Quinolones through Radical C–H Functionalization/Cyclization. Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis. 365, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/adsc.202300426 Jiang, Z., Cai, H., Cernansky, R., Liu, X., & Gao, W. (2023). Quantum sensing of radio-frequency signal with NV centers in SiC. Science Advances, 9(20), eadg2080. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adg2080 Yi, L., Hou, B., Zhao, H., Liu, X.* (2023) X-ray-to-visible light-field detection through pixelated colour conversion. Nature, 618, 281–286. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05978-w Wen, M., Yu, N., Yi, Z., Qiu, P., Tao, C., Macharia, D. K., … & Chen, Z.*, Liu, X.* On-Demand Phototoxicity Inhibition of Sensitizers and H2S-Triggered In-Situ Activation for Precise Therapy of Colon Cancer. Nano Today, 50, 101863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2023.101863 Luo, Z., Wu, Y., Wang, Y., Hu, D., Gao, D., Ge, Y., … Liu, X.* & Zheng, H.* (2023). Clinical radiation dose verification by topographic persistent luminescence dosimetry. Nano Today, 50, 101854. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2023.101854 Yi, L., Hou, B., Zhao, H., Tan, H. Q., Liu, X.*. (2023) A double-tapered fibre array for pixel-dense gamma-ray imaging. Nature Photonics, 17, 494–500 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-023-01204-1 He, C., & Liu, X.* (2023). The rise of halide perovskite semiconductors. Light: Science & Applications, 12(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-022-01010-4 Gao, D., Luo, Z., He, Y., Yang, L., Hu, D., Liang, Y., … Zheng, H.*, Liu, X.* & Sheng, Z.* (2023). Low‐Dose NIR‐II Preclinical Bioimaging Using Liposome‐Encapsulated Cyanine Dyes. Small, 19, 2206544. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202206544 Luo, Z., Yi, Z., & Liu, X.*(2023). Surface Engineering of Lanthanide Nanoparticles for Oncotherapy. Accounts of Chemical Research, 56, 425-439. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00681 Hou, B., Yi, L., Hu, D., Luo, Z., Gao, D., Li, C., … Sheng, Z.*, Zhou, B.*, & Liu, X.* (2023). A swallowable X-ray dosimeter for the real-time monitoring of radiotherapy. Nature Biomedical Engineering, 7, 1242–1251. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-023-01024-2 Bian, H., Tang, C., Zhao, H., Qin, X.*, & Liu, X.* (2023). Anomalous Anisotropic Dopant Distribution in Hexagonal Yttrium Sublattice. Nano Letters, 23, 979–984. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04454 Liu, Z., Qin, X.*, Chen, Q., Jiang, T., Chen, Q., & Liu, X.* (2023). Metal–Halide Perovskite Nanocrystal Superlattice: Self‐Assembly and Optical Fingerprints. Advanced Materials, 35, 2209279. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202209279 He, R., Meunier, M., Dong, Z., Cai, H., Gao, W.*, Zuniga-Pérez, J.*, & Liu, X.* (2023). “Interplay of Purcell effect and extraction efficiency in CsPbBr3 quantum dots coupled to Mie resonators.” Nanoscale, 15, 1652–1660. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2NR05945B Zhao, H., Qiu, J., Hou, B., Yi, L., Qin, X., & Liu, X.* (2023). Flexible Perovskite X‐Ray Detectors through Interfacial Modification with Perylene Diimide. Advanced Optical Materials, 11, 2202668. https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202202668 Liang, L., Chen, J., Shao, K., Qin, X., Pan, Z.* & Liu, X.* (2023). Controlling persistent luminescence in nanocrystalline phosphors. Nat. Mater. 22, 289–304. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-022-01468-y