B.Sc. Hons. Biology, York University, 1981. M.Sc. Zoology, University of Toronto, 1984. Thesis entitled "Food Habit, Niche Breadth and Overlap In A Southern Ontario Cyprinid Community". Ph.D. Zoology, University of Toronto, 1990 Thesis entitled "Predator Avoidance, Foraging Behaviour and Social Transmission of Information in Fish Shoals."

Fish ecology, behaviour and ecophysiology Spatial ecology and modelling Conservation Aquaculture Gene banking